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Spina bifida (myelomeningocele) is a congenital malformation that occurs during the first month of pregnancy and is a defect in the closure of the bony encasement of the spinal cord, which in turn leads to the spinal cord, wrapped in membranes, bulging out and forming what is known as a neural tube defect (NTD). Furthermore, dysfunctions in the spinal cord itself and the nerve roots occur. This defective closure can occur anywhere along the spine, from the neck to the rump bone and tail bones, but is most often found in the loin area. Enclosure of the spina bifida is performed as soon as possible, preferably within 24 hours of birth.
Cause is unknown
It seems like the number of children born with Spina Bifida is declining in many countries. The foremost reason for this decrease is better technology and earlier ultrasound examinations. This way, the malformation can be discovered in the fetal stage and the pregnancy can be terminated. What causes NTD is still unknown, but hereditary factors and folic acid deficiency have been discussed.
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